论文快递: 第二百零六期
编者按
Urban Studies 每年投稿量为1000多篇，每年发表16期，共180篇论文左右。由于稿件量大，文章从接收到正式出版周期较长，因此编辑部会在稿件接收排版后的第一时间在网上发布论文全文 (Online First) 。"论文快递" 栏目将同步推出网上刊登的最新论文，方便读者了解Urban Studies的最新动态，敬请关注！
本期为“论文快递”栏目的第二百零六期，将介绍 Urban Studies Online First的四篇和Current Issue的一篇论文。主题包括货运物流与城市，智慧城市的城市规划与知识政治，慧基础设施的颠覆性，公共交通公共性，新冠肺炎后的城市，欢迎阅读。
01
Freight logistics and the city
货运物流与城市
AbstractIn this paper we argue that urban studies should consider freight logistics as an integral part of ongoing urban transformations. The movement of goods is increasingly shaping cities, and the implications for sustainability, liveability and justice are uncertain. Still, freight logistics has been largely overlooked in urban studies. This paper seeks to remedy this. First, we review current literature on freight logistics in cities, and find that it is broadly characterised by what has been called a ‘technical-rational model’. Second, we situate urban logistics in social and political processes of urban change. Finally, we point to key areas for urban scholars to explore at the intersections between urban logistics and urban change to better understand the role of freight logistics in urban sustainability transformations.
在本文中，我们认为城市研究应该将货运物流作为持续城市转型的一个组成部分。货物的流动正在日益塑造城市，而其对可持续性、宜居性和公正的影响是不确定的。然而，在城市研究中，货运物流基本上被忽略了。本文试图对此进行补救。首先，我们查阅了目前关于城市货运物流的文献，发现其整体具有所谓的“技术理性模式”的特点。其次，我们将城市物流置于城市变革的社会和政治进程中。最后，我们指出了城市学者应该探索的，城市物流和城市变革的交集中的关键领域，以更好地理解货运物流在城市可持续性转型中的作用。
cities, planning, transport, urban logistics, urban studies
原文地址https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980231177265
02
Urban planning and the knowledge politics of the smart city
智慧城市的城市规划与知识政治
Abstract
Smart cities promote computational and data-driven understandings of the built environment and have the potential to reconfigure urban planning and governance practices in profound ways. Smart urbanisation is often presented as a politically neutral and socially beneficial approach to achieve urban sustainability goals but the emphasis on data gathering and algorithmic analysis and decision-making has the tendency to restrict how urban stakeholders know and act upon cities. In this article, we apply Artistotle’s intellectual virtues of techne, episteme and phronesis to critique current practices of smart cities, data-driven urbanism and computational understandings of cities as they relate to urban planning theory and practice. We argue that the rise of smart cities represents a partial return to early- to mid-20th-century positivistic knowledge politics and the reassertion of technical experts as the drivers of urban change. However, we also highlight the recent emergence of citizen-centred smart cities as an opportunity to promote value rationality in urban planning activities. We conclude that there is a need for greater integration of techne, episteme and phronesis in the pursuit of smart cities to ensure that digitalisation does not foreclose on certain ways of knowing cities but instead, provides a foundation to support a progressive knowledge politics of urban development.
Keywords
datafication, episteme, knowledge politics, phronesis, smart cities, techne
数据化, 理论知识, 知识政治, 实践智慧, 智慧城市, 技术
03
Smart and disruptive infrastructures: Re-building knowledge on the informal city
智慧和颠覆性的基础设施：重建非正规城市的知识
AbstractSmart urbanism is an established research area in geography and the social sciences. We draw on ‘worlding-provincialising’ strategies identified in an Urban Studies Special Issue from February 2021 to explore how smart infrastructures, a form of smart urbanism, disrupt representations of informality and urban development in new and productive ways. Focussing on the disruptive or troublesome implications of smart infrastructures reveals site-level considerations for developing policy and practice, where acknowledging the nuanced context for its use can present opportunities for not only understanding energy transitions in the Global South, but also creates opportunities for cross-learning. Drawing on our collective insights on a solar mini-grid project in Qandu-Qandu, Cape Town, we sketch out three ways the disruptive aspects of solar energy can be helpful for re-building knowledge on the informal city by: (i) re-positioning notions of ‘formal’ and ‘informal’ infrastructure(s) in urban planning and policymaking; (ii) highlighting new avenues for citizen autonomy; and (iii) recasting the informal city as a site for continuous innovation and learning.
摘要
智慧城市化是地理学和社会科学的一个既定研究领域。我们借鉴2021年2月《城市研究特刊》（Urban Studies Special Issue）中介绍的 "全球化-当地化 "战略，探讨智慧基础设施作为智慧城市化的一种形式，如何以富有成效的新方式颠覆了对非正规性和城市发展的表述。通过重点关注智慧基础设施的颠覆性或棘手的影响，我们揭示了制定政策和实践的现场考虑因素，同时承认其使用的细微背景不仅可以为理解发展中国家的能源转型提供机会，还可以创造相互学习的机会。根据对开普敦Qandu-Qandu太阳能微电网项目的集体洞察，我们概述了太阳能的颠覆性方面可以通过以下三种方式帮助重新建立关于非正规城市的认识：(i) 重新定位城市规划和政策制定中的 "正规 "和 "非正规 "基础设施的概念；(ii) 强调公民自治的新途径；(iii) 将非正规城市重塑为一个持续创新和学习的场所。
Keywords energy, informality, off-grid, smart infrastructure, urban studies
关键词
能源, 非正规性, 离网, 智慧基础设施, 城市研究
04
A contingent publicness: Entanglements on buses
偶然的公共性：公交车上的纠缠
Yogi Joseph（加拿大康科德亚大学）
Govind Gopakumar（加拿大康科德亚大学）
首次出版时间：2023/6/2｜研究论文
Abstract
A lacuna in our understanding of how publicness of public transit is being constituted is the primary point of departure for this paper. In recent times, publicness has been articulated through two parallel readings – one, a political economic reading that sees publicness through static macrostructural constraints; and two, micro-sociality aboard public transit manifests an in situ and spontaneous public space. Moving beyond the static and the spontaneous, we articulate a dynamic co-constituted notion of publicness. Building upon recent work that examines the entangling of micro- and macropolitics onboard public transit and relying upon a mobile ethnographic approach revolving around situated observation and interviewing surrounding buses located in the Indian metropolis of Bengaluru, this paper offers publicness as a contingent entity that is constituted through the process of transiting.
摘要
本文的主要出发点是我们对公共交通公共性构成方式的不完善认识。近来，公共性有两种并行的解读方式：一种是政治经济学的视角，通过静态的宏观结构限制来看待公共性；另一种是探究公共交通中的微社会现象，将公共交通视为一处原生及自发形成的公共空间。我们超越静态和自发，阐述一个动态的、共同构成的公共性概念。本文依据探究微观和宏观政治在公共交通中的复杂关系的最近研究，并借助以印度班加罗尔市为背景的移动人类学方法，通过实地观察和采访巴士乘车人，得出公共性是一个在乘车过程中形成的临时实体。Keywordspublicness, public space, public transport, situated mobilities
关键词
公共性, 公共空间, 公共交通, 处境化流动性
05
Cities in a post-COVID world
后新冠肺炎世界中的城市
AbstractThis paper examines the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic and its related economic, fiscal, social and political fallout on cities and metropolitan regions. We assess the effect of the pandemic on urban economic geography at the intra- and inter-regional geographic scales in the context of four main forces: the social scarring instilled by the pandemic; the lockdown as a forced experiment; the need to secure the urban built environment against future risks; and changes in the urban form and system. At the macrogeographic scale, we argue the pandemic is unlikely to significantly alter the winner-take-all economic geography and spatial inequality of the global city system. At the microgeographic scale, however, we suggest that it may bring about a series of short-term and some longer-running social changes in the structure and morphology of cities, suburbs and metropolitan regions. The durability and extent of these changes will depend on the timeline and length of the pandemic.
摘要
本文研究新冠肺炎大流行的影响及其对城市和大都市地区造成的相关经济、财政、社会和政治后果。我们在四种主要力量的背景下，在区域内和区域间地理规模上评估大流行对城市经济地理的影响。这四种力量为：大流行造成的社会创伤；作为一种强迫实验的封锁；确保城市建筑环境免遭未来风险之害的必要性；以及城市形态和系统的变化。在宏观地理规模上，我们认为大流行不太可能显著改变赢家通吃的经济地理和全球城市体系的空间不平等。然而，在微观地理规模上，我们认为它可能会给城市、郊区和大都市地区的结构和形态带来一系列短期的、以及某些长期的社会变化。这些变化的持久性和程度将取决于大流行的时间表和长度。
关键词
城市, 新冠肺炎, 大流行, 远程工作, 城市结构
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